As a urologist with over 30 years of experience treating sexually transmitted infections (STIs), I have watched Korea's STI landscape change dramatically. HIRA data and annual KDCA reports clearly show a sustained rise across most STI categories. While gonorrhea has declined, HIV, syphilis, herpes type 2, and HPV-related condyloma have all increased significantly.
Several factors appear to be driving this trend. Younger generations are engaging in sexual activity at earlier ages with less consistent condom use. Increased international travel has introduced different antibiotic-resistance patterns. In clinical practice, I frequently encounter patients who think of STIs as simple problems easily fixed with a prescription — a dangerous misunderstanding.
HIV is a lifelong infection without a cure. Herpes type 2 persists in the body indefinitely. Syphilis leaves permanent serological markers even after treatment. Yet many patients come to the clinic worried only about urethritis, without accepting comprehensive STI screening. When STI exposure is suspected, testing for all relevant pathogens is essential.
Excessive anxiety about STIs — driven by online misinformation — is also problematic. HPV resolves naturally in most men without permanent disease. What is needed is accurate, science-based public education about STIs alongside systemic support for healthcare providers in this field.